ID:
990
Typing of DRB1, DQB1, DQA1, DPB1, DPA1 class II HLA genes
Method:
FLUORESCENCE Endpoint detection
Full name:
HLA II DRB1, DQB1, DQA1, DPB1, DPA1 Typing of class II HLA genes - 5 genes
Sample Type:
Sample quantity:
Sample container:
Blood
5 ml
A tube with a purple cap
Class II HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen) gene typing is important to understand the immune system's response to various diseases and to assess transplant suitability. HLA genes play an important role in antigen presentation of the immune system. These genes are divided into different classes, including DRB1, DQB1, DQA1, DPB1, and DPA1, and each may affect different immune responses.
Typing and Description of HLA Genes
1. HLA-DRB1
Function: The HLA-DRB1 gene encodes the beta chain of class II MHC molecules and plays a key role in the presentation of antigens to T cells.
Associated Diseases: Associated with rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, and some types of chronic hepatitis.
2. HLA-DQB1
Function: The HLA-DQB1 gene encodes another variant of the beta chain of class II MHC molecules and is involved in antigen presentation.
Associated Diseases: Celiac disease is associated with type 1 diabetes, narcolepsy, and other autoimmune diseases.
3. HLA-DQA1
Function: The HLA-DQA1 gene encodes the alpha chain of class II MHC molecules and works together with DQB1.
Associated Diseases: Associated with diseases such as celiac disease and type 1 diabetes.
4. HLA-DPB1
Function: The HLA-DPB1 gene encodes the beta chain of class II MHC molecules and is located in the DP region.
Associated Diseases: Associated with Crohn's disease, some types of hemoglobinopathies, and transplant incompatibility.
5. HLA-DPA1
Function: The HLA-DPA1 gene encodes the alpha chain of class II MHC molecules and works together with DPB1.
Associated Diseases: Associated with Crohn's disease and some autoimmune diseases.
HLA Typing Methods
Serological Tests: Methods in which HLA antigens react with specific antibodies.
PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction): Amplification and sequencing of specific regions of HLA genes.
NGS (Next Generation Sequencing): A modern technology used for more accurate and large-scale genetic typing.
Clinical Significance of HLA Typing
Disease Diagnosis and Prognosis: Identifying susceptibility to certain diseases and adjusting treatment strategies.
Transplant Preparation: To ensure a match between donor and recipient.
Autoimmune Diseases:
Certain alleles in the HLA genes may confer susceptibility to autoimmune diseases. For example, the HLA-DRB104 allele is associated with the risk of rheumatoid arthritis, while the HLA-DQB102 and HLA-DQA1*05 alleles are associated with the risk of celiac disease.
Transplant Eligibility:
HLA typing is important to ensure a match between donor and recipient in organ and bone marrow transplantation. Incompatible HLA alleles can lead to graft rejection and post-transplant complications.
Allergies and Infections:
Certain HLA alleles may be associated with allergic reactions or susceptibility to certain infections. For example, the HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 alleles can cause celiac disease and gluten sensitivity.