ID:
991
HPA 1 a/b screen Human platelet antigens
Method:
FLUORESCENCE Endpoint detection
Full name:
HPA 1 a/b screen Human Platelet Antigens
Sample Type:
Sample quantity:
Sample container:
Blood
5 ml
A tube with a purple cap
Human platelet antigens (HPA) are proteins located on the surface of platelets that play an important role in immune system responses. HPA systems are important in transfusion reactions, neonatal analog isoimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT), and transplant-related conditions.
What is HPA 1a/b?
The HPA-1 system is defined by proteins in the GPIIb/IIIa complex and consists of two major alleles: HPA-1a and HPA-1b. These alleles represent slightly different forms of the protein on the surface of platelets. HPA-1a/b alleles are classified as follows:
HPA-1a: This allele is more common and encodes a specific protein called the HPA-1a antigen.
HPA-1b: This allele encodes a different protein called the HPA-1b antigen.
HPA-1a/b Tests
Genetic and serological tests used to identify HPA-1a/b alleles:
PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction): Used to identify HPA-1a and HPA-1b alleles.
After the DNA is isolated from the blood sample, the PCR reaction is performed using specific primers.Serological Tests: Used to detect antibodies against HPA antigens.
Agglutination tests and flow cytometry are among these tests.
Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia (NAIT):
The mother produces antibodies against the HPA-1a antigen, and these antibodies target the fetal platelets.
Symptoms:
Severe thrombocytopenia in the fetus or newborn.
Petechiae (small bleeding points) or ecchymosis (larger areas of bleeding) on the skin.
Risk of bleeding in internal organs or brain.
Posttransfusion Purpura (PTP):
Formation of antibodies against HPA antigens after transfusion.
Symptoms:
Thrombocytopenia (decrease in the number of blood platelets).
Petechiae and ecchymosis.
Internal bleeding in severe cases.
Platelet Transfusion Rejection:
Platelet transfusion failure due to the formation of antibodies against the HPA-1a antigen.
Symptoms:
Failure to increase platelet count after transfusion.
Petechiae and ecchymosis.